Also known as Calvin cycle is light-independent because it takes place after the energy has been captured from sunlight.
1.Grab: A five-carbon catcher catches one molecule of carbon dioxide and forms a six-carbon molecule.
2 Split: the enzyme RuBisCO(with the energy of ATP and NADPH molecules) breaks the six-carbon molecule into two equal parts.
3.Leave: A trio of three carbons leave and become sugar. The other trio moves on to the next step.
4.Switch: Using ATP and NADPH the three carbon molecule is changed in to a five carbon molecule.
5.The cycle stars over again.
The carbohydrate products of the Calvin are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules or triose phosphates (G3P). Each step of the cycle has its own enzyme which speeds up the reaction.