Necessity is the mother of invention and has always been a vital key to the progress of humanity, with
science as one of the major driving forces. From the perspective of agriculture, modern molecular
genetics coupled with plant biotechnology has set a stage for the advancement of agricultural practices,
delivering high quality crops that will be able to meet the changing lifestyle, global food and health
demands. Agro biotechnology enables the manipulation of the plant genome and the production of
genetically modified plants by means of metabolic engineering and genomics. Oilseed crops not only
serve as a source of edible oils and bio-lubricants but also find their use in a myriad of applications,
the most exciting being biofuels for sustainable energy production. A better understanding of the lipid
synthesis metabolism and storage, transgenic technology that goes hand in hand with conventional plant
breeding approaches and the domestication of plants that synthesize useful fatty acids will allow for a
real breakthrough in the manipulation of oil crops for sustainable development.