Probably one of the most popular research questions is whether two independent samples differ from each other. Altman, for example, stated that “most clinical trials yield data of this type, as do observational studies comparing different groups of subjects” ([11], p. 191). In Student’s t test, the expectations of two populations are compared. The test assumes independent sampling from normal distributions with equal variance. If these assumptions are met and the null hypothesis of equal population means holds true, the test statistic T follows a t distribution with nX + nY – 2 degrees of freedom: