The case of NATO is sometimes raised in the context of the more fundamental question of how multilateralism can be adapted in a world of humanitarian disasters desperately in need of intervention by the international community and a UN failing to do so. In 1999 NATO intervened militarily in Kosovo to stop ongoing ethnic cleansing without a UN mandate. At that time, though Russia and China cooperated in the Security Council by demanding an end to ethnic cleansing of the Yugoslav regime, they refused to endorse the use of force when Yugoslavia did not comply. NATO’s action, though not technically legal, was considered legitimate by most countries and also followed norms contained in other international conventions.