Several basic questions remain about how to optimize therapeutic
changes among antisocial children and their families.
The present study focused on alternative approaches and their
combination. A variety of factors beyond the treatment approach
are likely to contribute to outcome and warrant examination.
In the case of antisocial behavior, subtypes of dysfunction
(e.g., Dodge, 1991), family loading of risk factors (Kazdin,
1987b), and alternative paths leading to antisocial behavior (e.g.,
Patterson et al., 1991) may be useful to help match patients to
treatments. The present study represents an effort to develop a
treatment package to improve impact and serves as a basis to
address other factors that may moderate outcome.