ADA guidelines [28] recommend screening for and monitoring of five specific categories (methods of assessment): personal and family history of cardiovascular disease; anthropometric measures of obesity (weight, BMI for adults
and BMI percentile for the youth, and waist circumference); hypertension; glucose metabolism (fasting blood glucose);
and lipid metabolism (fasting lipid profile). Personal and family history should include information about obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, and should be reviewed at baseline and annually. The guidelines recommend recording weight and BMI at baseline, every 4 weeks during the first 12 weeks and quarterly thereafter; waist circumference at baseline and then annually; blood pressure at baseline, at 12 weeks and then annually; fasting blood glucose at baseline, at 12 weeks and then annually; and fasting lipid profile at baseline, at 12 weeks and then every 5 years. Guidelines emphasize that patients, family members, and caregivers should be informed about the potential metabolic side effects of antipsychotic drug treatment, including the symptoms and signs of diabetic ketoacidosis. ADA guidelines state that more frequent assessment and monitoring may be warranted based on clinical status.