International spectrum allocations are made only through the treaty negotiations that take place as part of the ITU’s World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC) process, which happens every three to four years. It can take more than a decade from the start of the ITU process until we see national, commercial deployment of new spectrum bands. Therefore, any spectrum identified as a result of decisions at the WRC 2015 will not come into commercial use until 2025 to 2030.