•Training is a set of activities that helps people acquire and improve job-related skills.
◦On-the-job training takes place in the work setting while someone is doing a job. A common approach is job rotation that allows people to spend time working in different jobs and this expand the range of their job capabilities.
◦Coaching occurs as an experienced person offers performance advice to a less-experienced person.
◦Mentoring assigns early career employees as protégés to more senior ones.
◦Modeling uses personal behavior to demonstrate performance expected of others.
◦Off-the-job training is accomplished outside the work setting. An important form is management development, training designed to improve a person’s knowledge and skill in the fundamentals of management. For example, beginning managers often benefit from training that emphasizes team leadership and communication; middle managers may benefit from training to better understand multifunctional viewpoints; top managers may benefit from advanced management training to sharpen their decision-making and negotiating skills, and to expand their awareness of corporate strategy and direction.