2. GENETICENGINEERING
(STRAINIMPROVMENT)
Improvement of the productivity of commercially
viable microbial strains is an important field in
microbiology, especially since wildtype strains
isolated from nature usually produce only a low
level (1–100 g/ml) of antibiotics. Therefore, a great
deal of effort and resources have been committed to
improving antibiotic-producing strains to meet
commercial requirements.Although classical
methods are still effective even without using
genomic information or genetic tools to obtain
highlyproductive strains, these methods are always
time and resource consuming. One of the current
topics is to use microorganisms for bioremediation.
Environmental protection efforts have been focused