1. It is ethical for Dr. Pates to give the student a D because it will help her keep the scholarship she needs. And giving her a D does no harm to anybody directly. So, why not?
2. It is not ethical for Dr. Pates to give the student a D because it is not fair for those who study hard. The student had the chance to keep herself in the college and not get kicked out, but she did not work hard enough. It is her responsibility to bear the consequence.
3. Do you think Dr. Pates should give the student a D?
He should give her a second chance by letting EVERYONE retake the exam. This is fair to everyone. Dr. Pates should be clear that this is the last chance. If you fail, you fail.