There need to be long-term commitment to major project, as opposed to seeking short-term
returns. One way of dealing with slowly emerging returns is to focus not only on returns on
investment but also on other considerations like future market penetration and growth or the
strategic benefits which might accrue to having a more flexible or responsive production system.
Top management acceptance of risk is important
One of the most important roles that leaders play is to create the climate for innovation.
Leadership has some direct influence on the differences found in performance of businesses.
Expertise and cognitive-processing skills are key components of creative leadership.
This combination is critical for the evaluation of others’ ideas.
At higher levels of management the problems to be solved are more likely to be ill-defined,
demanding leaders to conceptualize more.
Environmental uncertainty: not only build confidence, but solve problems and make
appropriate strategic decisions.
Research environment: the perception of leader’s technical skills is the single best predictor
of research group performance.
Transformational leadership: Greater impact on performance in research environment than
administrative, although both have a positive effect.
Transactional leadership: positive effect in administrative and negative in research environment.