2.3. Puri preparation Puri was prepared as described by Sudha and Venkateswara Rao (2009). The water absorption for the preparation of puri dough was determined using research water absorption meter (RWAM) corresponding to 75e85 s extrusion time. Flour, 0.5% salt, 0.5% hydrocolloid and water were mixed in Hobart mixer (N-50, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada) at position 1 (58 rpm) for 3 min. About 25 g of dough was sheeted to a thickness of 1.5 mm and cut into a circular disc of 12 cm, and deep fat fried in preheated oil at 180e200 C for 10 s on one side and 15 s on the other side (10 s:15 s). Fried puris after draining the oil for 30 s, cooled for 10 min and packed in polypropylene bags, stored at ambient conditions (27 C and 67% relative humidity-RH) for further evaluation.