The adamantyl urea pharmacophore has been well studied in the field of human sEH. Human sEH is involved in removing epoxides,a reactive oxygen species.3 Interestingly, sEH inhibition has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory response and possess potential benefits for many diseases, including high blood pressure and kidney failure.3 While designing the adamantyl–heteroaryl ureas,it was hoped to achieve selectivity for anti-TB activity over sEH inhibition, and we were overall successful at reducing potency against the human sEH by at least 10 to 100-fold. However, sEH inhibition is not implicated in any foreseen negative side effects and in this study we produced compounds with varying selectivityin this regard. The sulfonamide series had poor M. tb activity, yet they had excellent sEH IC50 values, with the majority of sulfonamides having <20 nM potencies. Coupled with the fact that sulfonamides had generally good solubility values, these compounds may have the potential to be repurposed as human sEH inhibitors. We were successful in being able to separate good anti-TB activity from sEH inhibition most notably through the introduction of oxadiazole and pyrazole heterocylcles to the adamantyl–heteroaryl ureas. The high therapeutic indices of the adamantyl–heteroarylureas suggest they will produce good safety profiles in vivo, which will be further evaluated as the lead compounds are progressed forward towards development in future studies, particularly if problems of high serum protein binding can be addressed.
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