the organism’s survival (Shachar & Yaron, 2006.). In addition, under
low-water activity stress, salmonellae appear to become quite heat
resistant. One study reported it required more than 260 min at
70 C and more than 60 min at 90 C for a 7 log reduction to occur in
peanut butter (Shachar & Yaron, 2006). In another study it took
more than 6 h to obtain a 5-log reduction in viable numbers of
salmonellae in milk chocolate at 90 C and more than 30 h at 71 C
(Goepfert & Biggie, 1968).