2.1. Patient 1
The proband with a clinical diagnosis of nephronophthisis, congenital blindness and ESRF, was referred to the genetics clinic at the age of 9 years for genetic counselling and confirming the diagnosis of S-L syndrome by molecular analysis to avoid renal biopsy. At that time, he was on peritoneal dialysis, for few months, for his ESRF secondary to his condition. He was the product of full term pregnancy and normal delivery, with normal developmental milestones. He was blind since birth, with a high frequency nystagmus, and was diagnosed with Leber’s congenital amaurosis at the age of 8 months. He was on regular follow up by a nephrologist since early life,where the renal function test, serum electrolytes and urine analysis were performed periodically because of the family history of a similar condition in his elder sister.