Monetary policy frameworks are much improved but could be strengthened further
Monetary policy frameworks in the Emerging Asia countries have changed
markedly since the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis. Following the abandonment of the
fixed exchange rate peg to the USD and the resulting increased autonomy for domestic
monetary policy, central banks in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand
reoriented their monetary policy frameworks, with price stability as the central objective
and with interest rates as the chief operational instrument. In China, the monetary
policy framework has largely abandoned its earlier “command and control” approach
to macroeconomic management in favour of an increasingly market oriented approach
dependent on indirect instruments.
There are important similarities as well as differences among the characteristics
of the monetary policy frameworks in the Emerging Asian countries. Three of the
middle-income ASEAN countries, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand have adopted
inflation-targeting monetary policy frameworks, while China and Viet Nam adhere to
some form of monetary aggregates targeting (Table 3.12). Malaysia’s monetary policy
framework could be described as “eclectic” in the sense that the central bank does not
set formal targets either for inflation or monetary aggregates (see Filardo and Genburg,
2012).
Monetary policy frameworks are much improved but could be strengthened further
Monetary policy frameworks in the Emerging Asia countries have changed
markedly since the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis. Following the abandonment of the
fixed exchange rate peg to the USD and the resulting increased autonomy for domestic
monetary policy, central banks in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand
reoriented their monetary policy frameworks, with price stability as the central objective
and with interest rates as the chief operational instrument. In China, the monetary
policy framework has largely abandoned its earlier “command and control” approach
to macroeconomic management in favour of an increasingly market oriented approach
dependent on indirect instruments.
There are important similarities as well as differences among the characteristics
of the monetary policy frameworks in the Emerging Asian countries. Three of the
middle-income ASEAN countries, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand have adopted
inflation-targeting monetary policy frameworks, while China and Viet Nam adhere to
some form of monetary aggregates targeting (Table 3.12). Malaysia’s monetary policy
framework could be described as “eclectic” in the sense that the central bank does not
set formal targets either for inflation or monetary aggregates (see Filardo and Genburg,
2012).
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