3.1. Starch and sugar
In human food engineering, starches are used for various purposes. According to
Smith (1983), starch may function, among others, as an adhesive or binding agent.
Starches used for these purposes have undergone a heat or chemical treatment in which
the properties of the native starch are changed. Gelatinizing of starch in the presence of
water and heat, in the presence or absence of shear, is the most common way to affect