that deal with separation and preconcentration of pd by
coprecipitation [4], Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE) [5],
Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) [6-8], and Cloud Point
Extraction (CPE) [9]; ion imprinted polymer [10]; but
these methods are time-consuming, have unsatisfactory
enrichment factors and use large organic solvents which
limit their applications.