intensity physical activity (71) and 1 trial of highintensity
physical activity plus lifestyle counseling that
reported follow-up beyond 12 months (118). The data
for low-intensity interventions were mixed. Although
the meta-analysis of the trials of low-intensity physical
activity showed no overall effect, 4 of the 11 trials of
low-intensity interventions increased some measure of
physical activity (35, 39, 55, 65); 2 of these 4 trials were
not included in the meta-analysis because of limitations
in reporting of outcomes at the individual study level.
Only 1 of the combined lifestyle trials with this outcome
involved a low-intensity intervention, and it
showed no effect (114). The Egger test of small study
effects was statistically significant for the mediumintensity
trials; however, sensitivity analyses without the
smallest trials showed similar results.