The California Safe routes to school (SR2S) programme provides funding for construction projects near schools aiming to improve pedestrian and cyclist safety and increase active transport to school. Two studies identified a positive association between SR2S alterations and cycling to and from school, including a cross-sectional evaluation which showed that 15.4% of school children in California walked or cycled more when the SR2S initiative was on their normal route compared to 4.3% of those for whom it was not (t-statistic 5.71, P < 0.01).31,33