Confucian temples had sculptures of gods based on the officiai order in the world below, such as the god of literature or the god ofwar. Most towns would have a Confucian temple to its own town gods. Confucian paintings included ancestor portraits, which would be hung in houses altar to the ancestors. The emperor also held Confucian ceremonies at the Temple of Heaven and other altars. Here he, as the Son of Heaven and therefore an intermediary between heaven and the people, would use Confucian ritual objects and music to pray to heaven to grant good harvests and other benefits to the people.