Succinic acid
is generally transported by diffusion or by a dicarboxylate transport
protein located in the plasma membrane [28,29]. Although the
transport mechanism responsible for the import and export of succinic
acid in L. plantarum is unknown, L. plantarum VL103(pMH) and
derivatives are capable of exporting succinic acid into the culture
medium at high concentration without major intracellular accumulation.