Disturbed sleep is a potent deregulator of homeostatic bodily processes, and sleep disturbances are consistently reported to be more frequent among patients with chronic pain than in the population at large. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory+ is a widely used measure of sleep disturbance. This inventory, supplemented with a single question ("How is your sleep overall?"), may serve as an adequate screen to detect the possible presence of a sleep disturbance warranting further pursuit. Once the problem is acknowledged by the patient, therapeutic modalities are available to enhance sleep hygiene. These range from medications to brief cognitive behavioral therapy interventions. Although disturbed sleep is present in many TMD patients , as yet there is little evidence directly linking sleep disturbance per se to the physical findings in such patients, although sleep disturbance is readily acknowledged to be part of the clinical picture with anxiety, depression, and substance abuse.