Upon further assessment of enriched seawater medium, the
addition of essential nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and
silicon important for the formation of the biosilica cell walls of
Thalassiosira sp. was optimized with the starting medium condition
as described in Section 2. In all experiments, the marine diatom
Thalassiosira sp. grew well in an alkaline environment at a range
of pH 8.0–8.8 (Fig. 1B–D). The effects of adding phosphate with a concentration between 5 and 45 mg L1 to the enriched seawater
medium showed that the growth of Thalassiosira sp.