This paper presents a new modeling framework for
analysis of impact and scheduling of price-responsive as well as
controllable loads in a three-phase unbalanced distribution system.
The price-responsive loads are assumed to be linearly or
exponentially dependent on price, i.e., demand reduces as price
increases and vice versa. The effect of such uncontrolled priceresponsive
loads on the distribution feeder is studied as customers
seek to reduce their energy cost. Secondly, a novel constant energy
load model, which is controllable by the local distribution company
(LDC), is proposed in this paper. A controllable load is
one that can be scheduled by the LDC through remote signals,
demand response programs, or customer-end home energy management
systems. Minimization of cost of energy drawn by LDC,
feeder losses, and customers cost pertaining to the controllable
component of the load are considered as objectives from the
LDCs and customers’ perspective. The effect of a peak demand
constraint on the controllability of the load is further examined.
The proposed models are tested on two feeders: 1) the IEEE 13-
node test feeder; and 2) a practical LDC feeder system. Detailed
studies examine the operational aspects of price-responsive and
controllable loads on the overall system. It is observed that the
LDC controlled load model results in a more uniform system
load profile, and that with a reduction in the peak demand cap,
the energy drawn decreases, consequently reducing feeder losses
and LDC’s and customers’ costs.
This paper presents a new modeling framework foranalysis of impact and scheduling of price-responsive as well ascontrollable loads in a three-phase unbalanced distribution system.The price-responsive loads are assumed to be linearly orexponentially dependent on price, i.e., demand reduces as priceincreases and vice versa. The effect of such uncontrolled priceresponsiveloads on the distribution feeder is studied as customersseek to reduce their energy cost. Secondly, a novel constant energyload model, which is controllable by the local distribution company(LDC), is proposed in this paper. A controllable load isone that can be scheduled by the LDC through remote signals,demand response programs, or customer-end home energy managementsystems. Minimization of cost of energy drawn by LDC,feeder losses, and customers cost pertaining to the controllablecomponent of the load are considered as objectives from theLDCs and customers’ perspective. The effect of a peak demandconstraint on the controllability of the load is further examined.The proposed models are tested on two feeders: 1) the IEEE 13-node test feeder; and 2) a practical LDC feeder system. Detailedstudies examine the operational aspects of price-responsive andcontrollable loads on the overall system. It is observed that theLDC controlled load model results in a more uniform systemload profile, and that with a reduction in the peak demand cap,the energy drawn decreases, consequently reducing feeder lossesand LDC’s and customers’ costs.
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