In particular, long-term coffee consumption is associated with significant dose-dependent reductions in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, coffee intake reduces the risk of liver damage in people at high risk for liver disease including hepatic injury,cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its consumption is also inversely associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease in men and women who have never used postmenopausal estrogen. The risk of Alzheimer’s disease is lower in those who regularly consume caffeine-containing coffee than in those who do not drink it. Coffee has also been shown toimprove endurance performance in long-duration physical