curricula (what an institution expects its students to learn) of many universities such
as: Graduate Attributes (Barrie, 2007; Bridgstock, 2009) or institutional teaching and
learning strategies (Corrall, 2007). Therefore, in the integration model, information
literacy is presumed to be included in these intended curricula. These graduate
attributes and graduate requirements or teaching strategies can be used as guidelines;
these guidelines state the importance of information literacy and what information
literate students should be like. Information literacy standards or frameworks are also
listed as a possible institutional intended curriculum when they are endorsed by an
institution. For example, the ANZIIL’s information literacy framework (Bundy, 2004) is
used as a guideline in curricular design and development to enable students to access,
evaluate, organise, apply and use information to learn, to solve problems and to make
decision