Figure 1 shows the patterns of fermentation with mixed starter cultures. The fermentation
pattern with mixed cultures of S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora isolate I (Figure 1A), during
day 1 and day 2, the populations of both yeasts increased approximately 2 log cycles. After day
2, the S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora isolate I population were slightly decreased,
approximately 2 log cycles through to the last day. The alcohol content was observed at the
early stage of fermentation and rapidly increased to an amount of 12% (v/v) on the last day of
fermentation. S. cerevisiae produced invertase enzymes which rapidly degraded sucrose.
Consequently, the rapid decrease of TSS in substrate was observed, and then they were utilized
for alcohol production. For the batch with mixed cultures of S’codes ludwigii and
Hanseniaspora isolate I (Figure 1B), the populations of both yeasts increased approximately 2
log cycles at the initial stage of fermentation and were stable throughout the fermentation.
During day 1 and day 2, the alcohol production pattern was similar to the batch with mixed
cultures of S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora isolate I. After day 2, the alcohol production
shifted to generally increase throughout the fermentation, allowing the final alcohol increase to
a maximum amount of 14% (v/v) on the last day of fermentation. From the previous research,
Chanprasartsuk et al [19] investigated the fermentation profile of Smooth Cayenne pineapple
juice with the same yeast cultures used in this study. The fermentation profile of Queen
pineapple juice in this study was relatively similar to the Smooth Cayenne pineapple juice
reported. Noticeably, in this study, the population of Hanseniaspora isolate I of mixed starter
cultures was relatively higher than commercial S. cerevisiae and S’codes ludwigii survived
throughout the pineapple juice fermentation. Numerous research on grape juice fermentation
have reported that non-Saccharomyces yeast, especially Kloeckera apiculata (Hanseniaspora)
and Candida stellata, survive during fermentation at a significant level [20, 21]. Additionally,
these yeasts are capable of anaerobic and aerobic growth and may persist during the
fermentation, competing with Saccharomyces for nutrients
Figure 1 shows the patterns of fermentation with mixed starter cultures. The fermentationpattern with mixed cultures of S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora isolate I (Figure 1A), duringday 1 and day 2, the populations of both yeasts increased approximately 2 log cycles. After day2, the S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora isolate I population were slightly decreased,approximately 2 log cycles through to the last day. The alcohol content was observed at theearly stage of fermentation and rapidly increased to an amount of 12% (v/v) on the last day offermentation. S. cerevisiae produced invertase enzymes which rapidly degraded sucrose.Consequently, the rapid decrease of TSS in substrate was observed, and then they were utilizedfor alcohol production. For the batch with mixed cultures of S’codes ludwigii andHanseniaspora isolate I (Figure 1B), the populations of both yeasts increased approximately 2log cycles at the initial stage of fermentation and were stable throughout the fermentation.During day 1 and day 2, the alcohol production pattern was similar to the batch with mixedcultures of S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora isolate I. After day 2, the alcohol productionshifted to generally increase throughout the fermentation, allowing the final alcohol increase toa maximum amount of 14% (v/v) on the last day of fermentation. From the previous research,Chanprasartsuk et al [19] investigated the fermentation profile of Smooth Cayenne pineapplejuice with the same yeast cultures used in this study. The fermentation profile of Queenpineapple juice in this study was relatively similar to the Smooth Cayenne pineapple juicereported. Noticeably, in this study, the population of Hanseniaspora isolate I of mixed startercultures was relatively higher than commercial S. cerevisiae and S’codes ludwigii survivedthroughout the pineapple juice fermentation. Numerous research on grape juice fermentationhave reported that non-Saccharomyces yeast, especially Kloeckera apiculata (Hanseniaspora)and Candida stellata, survive during fermentation at a significant level [20, 21]. Additionally,these yeasts are capable of anaerobic and aerobic growth and may persist during thefermentation, competing with Saccharomyces for nutrients
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