The only audit information available in Bankscope is whether the auditor issued a qualified or unqualified opinion. Hence, we have no further information to distinguish whether qualifications are due to disagreements (e.g. accounting treatment or disclosure), limitations on scope (i.e. lack of audit evidence) or going-concern issues. Similarly, we have no information on whether unqualified audit reports contain explanatory paragraphs related to going-concern issues or other fundamental uncertainties