Another challenge is the integration of the radiology PACS and its secondary workstations with some of the specialty areas and their need for specialized mini-PACS. These specialized systems are typically purchased separately, and portions of them are redundant in function to the radiology PACS and its archive. Examples of this include modalities where color is essential (e.g., color Doppler studies in ultrasound or nuclear medicine), motion studies (e.g., cine loops for cardiac catheterization labs or echocardiography), physiological data integration with images for cardiac catheterization labs, and treatment planning in radiation oncology.