Language learning is closely tied to basic processes of memory,
which can be broadly divided into three core stages: encoding, consolidation
and retrieval (Gabrieli, 1998). During encoding, new and
initially labile memory traces are formed that are still highly susceptible
to interference. During subsequent memory consolidation,
these newly encoded memories are stabilized and strengthened. In
addition, the new memory representations are gradually integrated
into preexisting knowledge networks on the cortical level
for long-term storage. Finally during retrieval, memories are
accessed and recalled.