Students are rarely passive in this learning dance. You might observe students raising hands or responding to questions, asking questions or sitting quietly, copying notes or discussing in groups, smiling or frowning, drawing charts or writing essays, manipulating objects or observing intently, viewing a film or reading aloud, writing on the board or taking a test. In addition to these correct steps, in any lesson there always student missteps, off task behaviors that may interrupt the dance: talking to one’s neighbor, daydreaming, fooling around, and so on.