a set of 13 EST-SSRmarkers was developed and successfully applied to analyze thediversity and relationships among 103 cultivars from six Chineseorchid species (Cymbidium spp.). In the present study, the geneticdiversity of 129 Chinese indigenous spring orchid cultivars has beenassessed using these EST-SSR markers. The genetic relationshipsand cultivar fingerprints of these commonly cultivated cultivarswere established, and it was suggested that although clusteringof spring orchid was not related to the horticultural types, somespecific alleles could be explored to distinguish different cultivars.