Passage I: Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and the Aichi Targets
“Living in Harmony with Nature”
The Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, in 2010 in Nagoya, Japan, adopted the
Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 with the purpose of inspiring broad-based action in support
of biodiversity over the next decade by all countries and stakeholders. In recognition of the urgent
need for action the United Nations General Assembly has also declared 2011-2020 as the United
Nations Decade for Biodiversity. The Strategic Plan is comprised of a shared vision, a mission,
strategic goals and 20 ambitious yet achievable targets, collectively known as the Aichi Targets. The
Strategic Plan serves as a flexible framework for the establishment of national and regional targets
and it promotes the coherent and effective implementation of the three objectives of the
Convention on Biological Diversity.
The vision
“By 2050, biodiversity is valued, conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem
services, sustaining a healthy planet and delivering benefits essential for all people.”
The mission
“Take effective and urgent action to halt the loss of biodiversity in order to ensure that by 2020
ecosystems are resilient and continue to provide essential services, thereby securing the planet’s
variety of life, and contributing to human well-being, and poverty eradication. To ensure this,
pressures on biodiversity are reduced, ecosystems are restored, biological resources are sustainably
used and benefits arising out of utilization of genetic resources are shared in a fair and equitable
manner; adequate financial resources are provided, capacities are enhanced, biodiversity issues and
values mainstreamed, appropriate policies are effectively implemented, and decision-making is
based on sound science and the precautionary approach.”
The Aichi Biodiversity Targets
Strategic Goal A: Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity
across government and society
Target 1: By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps
they can take to conserve and use it sustainably.
Target 2: By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values have been integrated into national and
local development and poverty reduction strategies and planning processes and are being
incorporated into national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting systems.
Target 3: By 2020, at the latest, incentives, including subsidies, harmful to biodiversity are
eliminated, phased out or reformed in order to minimize or avoid negative impacts, and
positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity are developed
and applied, consistent and in harmony with the Convention and other relevant
international obligations, taking into account national socio economic conditions.
Target 4: By 2020, at the latest, Governments, business and stakeholders at all levels have
taken steps to achieve or have implemented plans for sustainable production and
consumption and have kept the impacts of use of natural resources well within safe
ecological limits.