Place branding: where do we stand
The overall aim of this book is to examine and clarify several aspects of the
recently popularized concept of place branding. Many of the constituents
of the application of branding to places, such as identities, image, promotion
or sense of place, have been around for a long time. However, the
need to analyse their nature in the context of branding and to examine their
relationships in detail has grown rapidly in the last decade or so, as places
all over the world have put branding activities higher than ever in their
agenda. Many controversies, confusions and discords will be discussed in
the chapters that follow. This introductory chapter examines contemporary
place branding understanding in the literature and describes how the
issues discussed in the chapters of this book relate to the general topic and
to each other. To start with, it is worth taking a brief look at the wider
setting of place marketing.
BEFORE PLACE BRANDING
The application of marketing techniques and the adoption of a marketing
philosophy in order to meet operational and strategic goals of places
have been well established both in practice and in theory. The rapid rise
in popularity of place marketing over the past decade, to the extent that
it has become an acceptable and commonplace activity of place management,
may give the impression that this is a recent phenomenon. It is not.
Places have long felt a need to diff erentiate themselves from each other
in order to assert their individuality and distinctive characteristics in
pursuit of various economic, political or socio- psychological objectives.
The conscious attempt of governments to shape a specifi cally designed
place identity and promote it to identifi ed markets, whether external or
internal, is almost as old as government itself. The phenomenon of places
transferring marketing knowledge to their own operational needs is not
as novel as one might think. As Ashworth and Voogd (1994:39) describe:
‘since Leif Ericson sought new settlers in the 8th century for his newly
Place branding: where do we standThe overall aim of this book is to examine and clarify several aspects of therecently popularized concept of place branding. Many of the constituentsof the application of branding to places, such as identities, image, promotionor sense of place, have been around for a long time. However, theneed to analyse their nature in the context of branding and to examine theirrelationships in detail has grown rapidly in the last decade or so, as placesall over the world have put branding activities higher than ever in theiragenda. Many controversies, confusions and discords will be discussed inthe chapters that follow. This introductory chapter examines contemporaryplace branding understanding in the literature and describes how theissues discussed in the chapters of this book relate to the general topic andto each other. To start with, it is worth taking a brief look at the widersetting of place marketing.BEFORE PLACE BRANDINGThe application of marketing techniques and the adoption of a marketingphilosophy in order to meet operational and strategic goals of placeshave been well established both in practice and in theory. The rapid risein popularity of place marketing over the past decade, to the extent thatit has become an acceptable and commonplace activity of place management,may give the impression that this is a recent phenomenon. It is not.Places have long felt a need to diff erentiate themselves from each otherin order to assert their individuality and distinctive characteristics inpursuit of various economic, political or socio- psychological objectives.The conscious attempt of governments to shape a specifi cally designedplace identity and promote it to identifi ed markets, whether external orinternal, is almost as old as government itself. The phenomenon of placestransferring marketing knowledge to their own operational needs is notas novel as one might think. As Ashworth and Voogd (1994:39) describe:‘since Leif Ericson sought new settlers in the 8th century for his newly
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