Second, we perform an exhaustive account on the stochastic nature of Turkish inflation from 2003 to
2009 and show that Turkish inflation is both driven by stochastic and deterministic seasonality, with
the former being in dominance. We show that the reliance on a single stationary test like the commonly
used augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF) leads to unsatisfactory results and hence propose a more
elaborate test-test-test approach to determine the nature of an inflation time-series. And third, to the
knowledge of the author, we provide the first study that tests for a fractional integration of the Turkish
inflation series from 2003 to 2009