Indwelling catheters are a significant
cause of UTIs; untreated UTIs
may lead to urosepsis and even
death. Other problems with catheters
include encrustation of the catheter,
bladder spasms, bladder stones, periurethral
abscess, renal damage, and
urethral erosion. Catheters should
be used only if other options aren’t
effective or for the short-term until a
different treatment can be implemented.