What follows is going to contain generalizations and guidelines that may or may not apply to any specific case. It is not possible to cover all situations and scenarios in a newsletter and there will be some simplification of complex issues. Do not consider this the ‘last word’. As the attending veterinarian, it will be your job to gather credible information and make the clinical judgment about how it applies to your patient(s). Also keep in mind that what we “know” is constantly evolving. The following is based on my understanding of the situation at time of writing.