the lower coital frequency among
pregnant and postpartum African women previously reported
[6,43,44] may indicate that pregnancy is associated with increased
per-coital-act susceptibility to HIV, as has been observed in a
study conducted in Uganda [6]. Thus, an alternative approach to
determining the impact of the pregnancy/postpartum periods
would be to pool estimates of risk per coital act, as was done
in the Ugandan study, which estimated 1.4-fold higher HIV
risk per coital act during pregnancy/postpartum compared to
non-pregnant/non-lactating periods [6]. However, detailed data
on frequency of intercourse were not provided in the studies
reviewed, limiting ability to estimate risk per coital act.