Oxygen supersaturated water has on the other hand been
shown to cause serious damage as gas bubbles can develop in the
hemolymph and restrict blood flow (Aiken and Waddy, 1995). Furthermore,
while lobster may tolerate wide fluctuations in salinity,
optimal conditions range between 28 and 35‰ (van Olst et al., 1980;
Richards, 1981; D’Abramo and Conklin, 1985). Whilst Beard et al.
(1985), Beard and McGregor (2004), and Jacklin and Combes (2007)
were unable to provide recommended limits for nitrite and nitrate,
ammonia concentration is most likely the most limiting water quality
parameter in recirculation systems for seawater. Although the
optimal TAN concentration given by van Olst et al. (1980) is slightly
higher than that recommended by D’Abramo and Conklin (1985)
of less than 1.5 mg/L, there is no doubt that Homarus sp. are more