The recycle batch reactor used for the present study has been described earlier (Senthuran et al.,1997). Basically, it consisted of a stirred tank reactor connected to a column, packed with PEI (2% w:v) coated Poraver beads, to allow medium recirculation. The preparation of L. casei inoculum and immobilization of cells to the Poraver beads were done as previously described (Senthuranet al., 1997) in the whey medium after protein hydrolysis with neutrase, and supplementation (per liter) with 2.5 g yeast extract and 0.03 and also lactose to give a ®nal sugar concentration of 40 g The immobilization procedure was slightly modi®ed; after inoculation the cells were ®rst allowed to grow in the
reactor for 8 h, using a stirrer speed of 250 rev.:min, until a cell density of 1.7 g l was reached, and then the medium was continuously
The recycle batch reactor used for the present study has been described earlier (Senthuran et al.,1997). Basically, it consisted of a stirred tank reactor connected to a column, packed with PEI (2% w:v) coated Poraver beads, to allow medium recirculation. The preparation of L. casei inoculum and immobilization of cells to the Poraver beads were done as previously described (Senthuranet al., 1997) in the whey medium after protein hydrolysis with neutrase, and supplementation (per liter) with 2.5 g yeast extract and 0.03 and also lactose to give a ®nal sugar concentration of 40 g The immobilization procedure was slightly modi®ed; after inoculation the cells were ®rst allowed to grow in thereactor for 8 h, using a stirrer speed of 250 rev.:min, until a cell density of 1.7 g l was reached, and then the medium was continuously
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