of 5 to 7 in every time period. The reserves have high
potential for both crown-®re initiation and crown ®re
spread due to their multi-layered canopy (Table 2).
While the ®re-risk model does not explicitly take
layering into account, the low base of the live crown
typical of multi-layered stands increases the potential
for crown-®re initiation. Neighboring stands also
in¯uence the risk of the reserve stands. Longer ¯ame
lengths from different fuel models in neighboring
stands will increase the risk in the focus stand. Reserve
stand B is located in a valley and, therefore, has few
downslope neighbors. The slope risk rating is low and
the total risk which started as a 3 in the ®rst decade
increased to 5 for the rest of the projection (Table 2).