Apparently, nurses felt that research was seen as an addendum to normal practice and should be undertaken in their own time. As articulated by one respondent “Research is done as an extra activity”, and by another, “Time for research viewed as a privilege”. Nurses generally felt that the absence of protected time was an irresolvable problem for research activities due to a lack of research knowledge at nursing managerial level. Whilst one respondent commented “…not all managers are research savvy…”. Another added that “…protected time and adequate funding are to be approved by managers”.