MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Locale of the Study
This study was conducted in a 2 km long strip of Turag river (Figure 1(a) and Figure 1(b)) which started from
Tongi bridge following the river parallel to the Ashulia road. The average width of the river along this section is
15-20 meters; average depth during wet season is 4-6 meters and during dry season 2-4 meters.
2.2 Sources of Data
The sources of data are divided in to two categories. The data which were collected from the field or study area are
called the primary data. Primary data were collected by the interviewing the people of study area and/or by making
survey on a topic of the study. The secondary data are the data which were collected from any books, journals,
previous research paper or any other document which contain the topics related to the study.
2.3 Data Collection Methods
The steps that have been adopted to attain the objectives of the study were as follows:
1. Primary data were obtained from field observation and this was needed to know about the existing physical and
environmental condition of the study.
2. Secondary data have been collected from DOE, BWDB, BUET and IWM, special report from the DoF, MACH,
the Turag project of the Bangladesh Center for Advance Studies.
3. Water Samples and photographs have been collected from different locations of the Turag river and water
samples tested in the MIST Environmental Engineering laboratory.
4. Recent surface water quality data has been collected from DOE and Environmental laboratory in Civil
Engineering department of BUET as test sample.
5. Water quality and pollution loads analyzed to find out the present water quality scenario, trend of water
pollution and percent of increase in pollution loading. Besides, reports, thesis, journals and expert opinions
were collected from different organizations and internet.
6. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews with community members to identify their perceived
current and historical health problems. The second involved the gathering of secondary data and the undertaking
of interviews with health workers in the area to determine whether the perceived changes to health expressed by
the local population matched the health trends observed by local health professionals. To collect this data, our
tool was taking “Interview with the people” of this location. The respondent persons were fisherman, boatman,
teacher, local people, farmer, health workers, health professionals and tourist.
38
Water Pollution and its Impact on the Human Health
Water quality data have analyzed by Microsoft Excel software.
The standard participatory rural appraisal (PRA) methods followed to analyze data, collected from the local people
concerning their perception. Some questionnaires designed and used to interview the people. All the data were
analyzed by Microsoft Excel software.
2.4 Sample Collection
Surface water samples of the rivers were collected from four different points of the river in two seasons during the
period of April 2013 to July 2013 covering dry and wet periods. Various water quality parameters were monitored
and a detailed field survey has been conducted within the study area. Proper sampling procedure was followed while
collecting the samples.
2.5 Sample Handling and Preservation
Appropriate sample handling and preservation is essential to ensure data quality. Factors considered are listed as:
(a) clean plastic containers are typically used for inorganic samples, with glass containers used for organic analyses;
(b) proper sample preservation is important if accurate and representative results are to be obtained from the sampling
efforts. In general, all samples are placed on ice in the dark and (c) analyses should be initiated as soon as possible
after collection to avoid sample deterioration.
2.6 Sample Depths
Selection of sampling depth varies with the purpose of work and the parameter to be tested. In this study, the
sampling depth was taken to be 15- 20 cm. This was because; the main point of focus of this study was surface water
pollution. Generally, heavy metal concentration analysis needs sample from a deeper section.
2.7 Laboratory Testing and Standards
The experiment on a selected segment of the river was carried out for four months duration. The time was chosen
as such that both dry season and wet season was there. To assess the water quality we conducted test on 13 water
quality parameters. The lists of those parameters with the standards are listed below:
From the analysis of data it was observed that there is a distinct variation in water quality during dry and wet
season. As the flow of water is less during dry season and water level goes down the quality of water become poor.
As a result water remains more polluted during dry season. Again during wet season due to rainfall the flow is more,
level of water increases and the water quality becomes relatively better.
2.8 Det
MATERIALS AND METHODS2.1 Locale of the StudyThis study was conducted in a 2 km long strip of Turag river (Figure 1(a) and Figure 1(b)) which started fromTongi bridge following the river parallel to the Ashulia road. The average width of the river along this section is15-20 meters; average depth during wet season is 4-6 meters and during dry season 2-4 meters.2.2 Sources of DataThe sources of data are divided in to two categories. The data which were collected from the field or study area arecalled the primary data. Primary data were collected by the interviewing the people of study area and/or by makingsurvey on a topic of the study. The secondary data are the data which were collected from any books, journals,previous research paper or any other document which contain the topics related to the study.2.3 Data Collection MethodsThe steps that have been adopted to attain the objectives of the study were as follows:1. Primary data were obtained from field observation and this was needed to know about the existing physical andenvironmental condition of the study.2. Secondary data have been collected from DOE, BWDB, BUET and IWM, special report from the DoF, MACH,the Turag project of the Bangladesh Center for Advance Studies.3. Water Samples and photographs have been collected from different locations of the Turag river and watersamples tested in the MIST Environmental Engineering laboratory.4. Recent surface water quality data has been collected from DOE and Environmental laboratory in CivilEngineering department of BUET as test sample.5. Water quality and pollution loads analyzed to find out the present water quality scenario, trend of waterpollution and percent of increase in pollution loading. Besides, reports, thesis, journals and expert opinionswere collected from different organizations and internet.6. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews with community members to identify their perceivedcurrent and historical health problems. The second involved the gathering of secondary data and the undertakingof interviews with health workers in the area to determine whether the perceived changes to health expressed bythe local population matched the health trends observed by local health professionals. To collect this data, ourtool was taking “Interview with the people” of this location. The respondent persons were fisherman, boatman,teacher, local people, farmer, health workers, health professionals and tourist.38Water Pollution and its Impact on the Human HealthWater quality data have analyzed by Microsoft Excel software.The standard participatory rural appraisal (PRA) methods followed to analyze data, collected from the local peopleconcerning their perception. Some questionnaires designed and used to interview the people. All the data wereanalyzed by Microsoft Excel software.
2.4 Sample Collection
Surface water samples of the rivers were collected from four different points of the river in two seasons during the
period of April 2013 to July 2013 covering dry and wet periods. Various water quality parameters were monitored
and a detailed field survey has been conducted within the study area. Proper sampling procedure was followed while
collecting the samples.
2.5 Sample Handling and Preservation
Appropriate sample handling and preservation is essential to ensure data quality. Factors considered are listed as:
(a) clean plastic containers are typically used for inorganic samples, with glass containers used for organic analyses;
(b) proper sample preservation is important if accurate and representative results are to be obtained from the sampling
efforts. In general, all samples are placed on ice in the dark and (c) analyses should be initiated as soon as possible
after collection to avoid sample deterioration.
2.6 Sample Depths
Selection of sampling depth varies with the purpose of work and the parameter to be tested. In this study, the
sampling depth was taken to be 15- 20 cm. This was because; the main point of focus of this study was surface water
pollution. Generally, heavy metal concentration analysis needs sample from a deeper section.
2.7 Laboratory Testing and Standards
The experiment on a selected segment of the river was carried out for four months duration. The time was chosen
as such that both dry season and wet season was there. To assess the water quality we conducted test on 13 water
quality parameters. The lists of those parameters with the standards are listed below:
From the analysis of data it was observed that there is a distinct variation in water quality during dry and wet
season. As the flow of water is less during dry season and water level goes down the quality of water become poor.
As a result water remains more polluted during dry season. Again during wet season due to rainfall the flow is more,
level of water increases and the water quality becomes relatively better.
2.8 Det
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