The expanded income earning opportunities made available by labour intensive biomass fuel systems are essential instruments in facilitating the adoption of cleaner cooking fuels and related technologies. Convenience, cleanliness, and saved time and effort are valued realistically by households in relation to alternative opportunities. Multiple technological options could be offered to households, considering the possibilities for fuel wood procurement and the availability of solid wood and other biomass for cooking. Gassifier stoves, improved stoves, community-based biomass energy enterprises, and biogas have great potential. While policy options can be introduced in response to clean cooking needs, planning with well defined targets should be based on regional assessments of biomass resources, local behaviour, and the demand for technology options