The logistics of papermaking are impressive. On a typical day, a paper mill produces around 1500 tons of paper, consumes enough electrical power to provide all the needs of a city of 40,000 people, and uses about 65 million gallons of water(roughly equivalent to the amount that flows over Niagara Falls in 90 minutes).* with an operation of this size, shut- down time for maintenance is very expensive. As result, the paper indus a try uses ceramics extensively, because of their superior resistance to wear and corrosion.