Research can be based on primary data or secondary data. Primary research is conducted when data is gathered for a particular product or hypothesis. This is where information does not exist already or is not accessible, and so needs to be specifically collected from consumers or businesses. Surveys, focus groups, research panels and research communities can all be used when conducting primary market research.
Secondary research uses existing, published data as a source of information. It can be more cost effective than conducting primary research. The Internet opens up a wealth of resources for conducting this research. The data would, however, originally have been collected for solving problems other than the one at hand, so it might not be sufficiently specific. Secondary research can be useful in identifying problems to be investigated through primary research.