After the death of Muhammad, Muslim communities were ruled by the religious & political leader known as CALIPH. The state ruled by Caliph called ‘CALIPHATE’. The 2nd caliph, Umayyad, moved the capital to Damascus in 661 and then Córdoba in 711.
After the death of Muhammad, Muslim communities were ruled by the religious & politicalleader known as CALIPH. The state ruled by Caliph called ‘CALIPHATE’. The 2nd caliph,Umayyad, moved the capital to Damascus in 661 and then Córdoba in 711.