Overweight and obesity progress to metabolic syndrome through pathophysiological mechanisms at the moment
largely unclear. It has been hypothesized that the state of chronic low-grade inflammation associated with excess
adipose tissue may explain the development of the obesity related pathologies, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. This inflammatory response is different from the classical responce defined by the cardinal signs of redness, swelling, heat, and pain. Furthermore, it plays an important role in the development of insulin resistance
that triggers the associated comorbidities of metabolic syndrome, such as atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, hypertension, prothrombotic state, and hyperglycemia.