For each type of bread, every quality measurement was conducted
in triplicate, except for TPA (n = 6) and sensory evaluation
(n = 54). The experimental data were expressed as means ± standard
error and subjected to an analysis of variance for a completely
random design, using a Statistical Analysis System (SAS Institute,
Inc., Cary, NC, USA, 2000). Duncan’s multiple range test was used
to determine the difference among means at the level of 0.05. After
multiple comparisons, the means in the following tables are followed
with different letters ‘‘a–e’’, based on their values and statistical
differences. Where a mean is followed with ‘‘ab’’, this mean is